ELECTROFLOTATION EXTRACTION OF POWDERED CARBON-BASED MATERIALS FROM AQUEOUS SOLUTION WITH USING OF SURFACTANTS
Ключевые слова:
carbon materials, electroflotation, surfactants, coagulant, ζ-potential, hydrodynamic radius.Аннотация
Comparative electroflotation studies of powdered carbon materials from an aqueous solution of
sodium sulfate electrolyte were carried out.
Kinetic electroflotation dependences of various carbon materials particles (carbon nanoflakes and activated
carbons OU-B and BAU-A) are shown. It is established that the particles of carbon nanoflakes are most effectively
extracted in the presence of nonionic surfactants. Whereas the extraction degree of activated carbons does not reach
20% in the same conditions.
Electroflotation studies of powdered carbon materials from aqueous solutions with the addition of coagulants
Al3+ and Fe3+ were carried out to improve the efficiency and intensity of particles extraction. We studied aqueous
solutions containing different types of surfactants: anionic, cationic and nonionic. Studies have shown that carbon
nanoflakes are extracted quite effectively regardless of nature either the coagulants or the surfactants.
The extraction degree of activated carbon particles OU-B reached 90-95% if iron ions were present in an
aqueous solution of cationic or nonionic surfactant. But the efficiency of the process was reduced in the presence of
Al3+ due to the formation of a large amount of insoluble aluminum hydroxide.
We also studied the surface characteristics of powdered carbon materials (electrokinetic potential (ζ-potential)
and hydrodynamic radius of the particles) for a better understanding of the electroflotation process.
